Friday, October 19, 2018

Jan meets Volkjie for the first time

Really, I don’t know how it happened, but it happened on the morning of 12 October 1634, I like to think.


Husum and Nordstrand, map of 1650

I like to imagine that he came to her rescue, rowing out to sea in a small fishing boat, his sturdy arms pulling the oars against the breaking waves, spotting Volkie and her sister floating in the churning waters, clinging to a fallen tree or a piece of a house, destroyed by the storm.

Jan

His name was Jan. He lived in coastal port called Husum. Brown eyes, a sharp nose, and a chin that has that distinctive cleft. He is of average height, but above-average in intelligence, for he is a survivor.

He was a seafaring man, like many from the North Frisian coast who sailed the North Sea bringing in mackerel that was salted and sold in marketplace in cities everywhere in Holland. Mackerel are a fast predatory fish, closely related to tuna. They have no swim bladder which means they can change direction rapidly and dive quickly. A successful sailor must keep his wits about him.

Our hero was just 26.

Volkje


Volkie, our heroine, just 18. She and her sister Annetje, Jurriens lived with their parents on land reclaimed from the sea. It was called Nordstrand, “strand” meaning sand or beach. It was located in Wadden Sea, a small bit of the much larger North Sea. The creative Dutch had built dikes and seawalls to contain the ocean’s fury and windmills to pump out the salt water from the soil. Out of this small speck of sand several communities were built. Pellwurm, Gaikebull, Rungeholt, and so on, each with its church and scattering of farms.
In my mind’s eye, our hero was alone in his boat. He wore a blue waistcoat and gray pantaloons, cut off at the knee, for freedom of movement and because, if thrown into the sea, short pant legs would allow him to float to the surface rather than being dragged down by water-soaked clothing. Every sailor wore a hat or a cap, and our hero’s was a tri-corner hat, or a sailor’s cap with a bill, or a simple knit stocking to keep out the cold and the wind.  


The Great Flood of 1634

The Storm


The sea was full of white caps, the wind blew to shore, making the journey more difficult for Jan was the fact that the sea was also full of bits and pieces of homes and churches broke apart by the storm. And yet, he rowed on, boat against the tide, rowing ceaselessly in the hope of finding her against all odds. Find her he did, and so the story continues. Or, perhaps, he was not looking for Volkjie, perhaps it was circumstance and coincidence that brought them together. Divine intervention in the midst of destruction and loss of life.
Volkjie and her sister had clung to the tree for hours, through the night, when the storm had done its worst, rising to a height of 15 meters and sweeping over the land until the north coast was reclaimed by the sea. It is estimated that upwards of 15,000 people lost their lives that night. A fortunate few fled to the highest spot on the island of Nordstrand where they where joined other refugees fleeing the rising waters.
The recollection of one survivor went like this:
“In the evening a great storm and bad weather rose from the southwest out of the sea. ... The wind began to blow so hard that no sleep could touch our eyes. When we had been lying in bed for about an hour my son said to me, 'Father, I feel water dripping into my face'. The waves were rising up at the sea dike and onto the roof of the house. It was a very frightening sound.”
Those in the lower lying areas were less fortunate and houses were carried away by the surging waters.
The storm’s destructive force was compounded by its timing, coming as darkness settled in and night came.
“...at six o'clock at night the Lord God began to fulminate with wind and rain from the east, at seven He turned the wind to the southwest and let it blow so strong that hardly any man could walk or stand, at eight and nine all dikes were already smitten... The Lord God [sent] thunder, rain, hail lightning and such a powerful wind that the Earth's foundation was shaken... at ten o'clock everything was over.”

Rescue


In the pitch black of night, rescue was impossible. So, it was that Jan set our at break of day, at first light. So it was that in the gray morning and the howl of the wind, he found Volkjie and her sister, desperately clinging to a tree. Their parents were gone, and their despair was great. We do not even know if they could swim, but I imagine that a Dutch girl who grew up along the Wadden Sea collecting the eggs of gulls and terns, in the marshes had learned to fend for herself when a wave caught her by surprise.
I imagine few words were spoken, as Jan hauled first one girl in the boat then the other. Exhausted they were and grateful to God for their salvation. The girls’ clothing was soaked in brine, the skirt and bodice, once white, now dark brown, the color of mud that mixed with sea. Their brown hair hung straight, their skin white and red, chaffed by the cold water and the tree bark that they clung to.
With foresight, Jan brought fresh water and bread, and dry blankets.

Once fed and warmed, the trio made the journey back to Husum.

Tuesday, October 9, 2018

The Autobiography of Jan Franz Van Husum


Tuinstraat Today



As I closed the door of our home for the last time, Volkjie, my wife of two weeks said, “Goodbye sweet life.” “What?” I replied, for it had not been sweet or easy. Amsterdam is a city reclaimed from the sea, each day new people arrive, competing for the few scarce jobs and fewer places to live.

I am a seagoing man, able to eke out a living catching mackerel in the cold waters of the North Atlantic, but the catches are fewer and further away. It is not an easy life. Volkje, who once gathered Eider eggs in the marshes of the North Strand and drove geese to the city markets, now sells tulips for farthings in the local market. It is not an easy life.

Hand in hand we left Tuinstraat, and the place we called home.


Thursday, May 3, 2018

Making Dough in America




Introduction


Our cast of characters came by ship from Holland to America, from Amsterdam to Fort Orange, up the Hudson River. They had signed on for four years as indentured farmers and laborers, to work for the wealthy Dutchman, Kiliaen Van Rensselaer, lord of the manor, in a settlement called Rensselaerswyck.

The story could be titled -  What becomes of an old sea captain? And it goes something like this.

Being a blasphemer, a street-scold, a murderer, a contemner of laws and justice, and disturber of the peace, the bakker, Willem Juriaensz is hereby banished, to leave by the first vessel ...

 

The Baker, Willem Juriaensz


Our first character is Willem Juriaensz (Jeuriaens), commonly called Willem the Baker (Bakker). Once upon a time, Capitaijn, sea captain in 1646 and again in 1650, and likely before. Arriving in the colony in 1638, he worked for Lord Van Rensselaer as a baker, but miscreant that he was, beginning in 1644, sentenced to banishment for misdeeds and then reprieved.

The Chicken Keeper, Jochem Becker

In 1644, Jochem Becker accused the old captain of stealing his hens.

The Witness,  Jacob Willemz

Jacob Willemz took up the captain's side in this story, saying,

"What do you mean? They are the old captain's hens!" 

This he said from the safety of his house. Becker called to Willemz to come out. Willemz wisely refused; Becker rushed in, giving him a sound beating, and grabbing him by the throat, calling him an "old dog".

Defending himself as best that an old dog could, Willemz fought back and called Becker "a dog and a son of a bitch".

The question of whether anyone stole the Becker's chickens, was not, at this time, a question for the court. Nor do we know the outcome of this case, or how the court dealt with the baker.

Once more


In 1647, the old captain was sentenced to banishment to "the Manhattans" for attacking with a knife and murdering one, de Hooges (Antony de Hooges, business manager of Rensselaer's colony.).

Enter the picture Jan Franz Van Husum, aka Jan Van Hoesen


Reprieved, the captain struck up a relationship with Jan van Hoesen, who saw the merit in learning the skill of the baker. So, they entered into a contract dated January 30, 1650 allowing the old captain to live on Van Hoesen's property in exchange for lessons in baking, and a donut or two.

A captain takes no orders.

By November of 1651, the old captain (now 72 years of age) refused to bake, and in consequence, the court gave Jan van Hoesen "permission to occupy the erf" (lot, or bakery) on the condition that the Old Man could live in the adjoining house "ofte de gelegenheijt," as long as he lived.

We must assume that Jan and  his wife Volkje had learned the trade by now, and were busy selling bread and donuts to the other settlers and to the Indians in trade for beaver pelts.

Presumably, Jan and Volkje tolerated the old captain since we do not see Captain Willem Juriaensz appearing in court again. And Jan and Volkje profited from the captain, earning money enough from the bakery to purchase land from the Indians, but that is another story.

Banishment

O'Callaghan, History of New Netherland, 1, pages 437 and 438;
Van Rensselaer Bowier Manuscripts, page 820
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