Showing posts with label coming to america. Show all posts
Showing posts with label coming to america. Show all posts

Thursday, May 3, 2018

Making Dough in America




Introduction


Our cast of characters came by ship from Holland to America, from Amsterdam to Fort Orange, up the Hudson River. They had signed on for four years as indentured farmers and laborers, to work for the wealthy Dutchman, Kiliaen Van Rensselaer, lord of the manor, in a settlement called Rensselaerswyck.

The story could be titled -  What becomes of an old sea captain? And it goes something like this.

Being a blasphemer, a street-scold, a murderer, a contemner of laws and justice, and disturber of the peace, the bakker, Willem Juriaensz is hereby banished, to leave by the first vessel ...

 

The Baker, Willem Juriaensz


Our first character is Willem Juriaensz (Jeuriaens), commonly called Willem the Baker (Bakker). Once upon a time, Capitaijn, sea captain in 1646 and again in 1650, and likely before. Arriving in the colony in 1638, he worked for Lord Van Rensselaer as a baker, but miscreant that he was, beginning in 1644, sentenced to banishment for misdeeds and then reprieved.

The Chicken Keeper, Jochem Becker

In 1644, Jochem Becker accused the old captain of stealing his hens.

The Witness,  Jacob Willemz

Jacob Willemz took up the captain's side in this story, saying,

"What do you mean? They are the old captain's hens!" 

This he said from the safety of his house. Becker called to Willemz to come out. Willemz wisely refused; Becker rushed in, giving him a sound beating, and grabbing him by the throat, calling him an "old dog".

Defending himself as best that an old dog could, Willemz fought back and called Becker "a dog and a son of a bitch".

The question of whether anyone stole the Becker's chickens, was not, at this time, a question for the court. Nor do we know the outcome of this case, or how the court dealt with the baker.

Once more


In 1647, the old captain was sentenced to banishment to "the Manhattans" for attacking with a knife and murdering one, de Hooges (Antony de Hooges, business manager of Rensselaer's colony.).

Enter the picture Jan Franz Van Husum, aka Jan Van Hoesen


Reprieved, the captain struck up a relationship with Jan van Hoesen, who saw the merit in learning the skill of the baker. So, they entered into a contract dated January 30, 1650 allowing the old captain to live on Van Hoesen's property in exchange for lessons in baking, and a donut or two.

A captain takes no orders.

By November of 1651, the old captain (now 72 years of age) refused to bake, and in consequence, the court gave Jan van Hoesen "permission to occupy the erf" (lot, or bakery) on the condition that the Old Man could live in the adjoining house "ofte de gelegenheijt," as long as he lived.

We must assume that Jan and  his wife Volkje had learned the trade by now, and were busy selling bread and donuts to the other settlers and to the Indians in trade for beaver pelts.

Presumably, Jan and Volkje tolerated the old captain since we do not see Captain Willem Juriaensz appearing in court again. And Jan and Volkje profited from the captain, earning money enough from the bakery to purchase land from the Indians, but that is another story.

Banishment

O'Callaghan, History of New Netherland, 1, pages 437 and 438;
Van Rensselaer Bowier Manuscripts, page 820
.

Thursday, December 15, 2011

Why Volkje Juriens and Jan Fransse Van Husum came to America.

...
The back bone's connected to the neck bone,
The neck bone's connected to the head bone,
Now shake dem skeleton bones!

The Sailing


We know that in May of 1639, Jan and Volkje were married in Amsterdam Nieukirke. And that they set sail soon thereafter aboard the ship den Harinck. The two months crossing put them in New Amsterdam (New York) on July of 1639. Then they sailed up the Hudson River to the colony of Rensselaerswyck to start a new life.

Why leave


The simple answer to the question of why Jan Franz Van Husum and his bride Volkje Jurians Nordstrand came to America is because of a flood. The Great Flood of 1634 to be exact. AKA, the Burchardi flood or the second Grote Mandrenke (Great Man Flooding). It was a flood of biblical proportions, arriving on the night of 11 October and continuing until the next morning. It struck the along the Holland coast and the western coast of the Jutland peninsula, loosely called North Frisia. Over ten thousand lives were lost, including Volkje's parents. Nordstrand Island, where Volkje lived with her parents and sister Annetje was devastated, villages and churches completely destroyed. Husum, then a seaport, was likewise devastated by the flood.

It was time to start a new life.

Jan and Volkje soon made their way to Amsterdam. Jan was 21, Volkje 16. They took up residence on the same street in Corte Tuiinstraat, between the two canals, the Lijnbaansgracht and the Prinsengracht. Whether they came together or separately is not known. How they met and when is not known. What they did in Amsterdam is not known.

Opportunity


Little is known. What is known is that they heard of the colonial estate of the Dutch patroon Kiliaen van Rensselaer, who was providing free passage to the New World. IN exchange the colonist would farm and provide services to the patroon, swearing the following oath:

I, ______ , promise and swear that I shall be true and faithful to the noble Patroon and Co-directors, or those Commissioners and Council, subjecting myself to the good and faithful inhabitant or Burgher, without exciting any opposition, tumult, or noise; but on the contrary, as a loyal inhabitant, to maintain and support offensively and of the Colonie. And with reverence and fear of the Lord, and uplifting of both the first fingers of the right hand, I say — SO TRULY HELP ME GOD ALMIGHTY. 



It was an opportunity.
 

Notes on the Great Flood


The people who lived along the Jutland coast waged a constant battle against the sea. Nature  represented by the Great Flood of 1634 won the battle and altered history.

 The Great Flood of 1634

 

Cor Snabel


Imagine my surprise when I came across Cor Snabel's site detailing the Great Flood of 1634. As a bit of pre-history, Cor Snabel explains that a similar flood occurred in 1362. And at that time, contemporary chronicles claim that whole parishes were wiped off the map and 100,000 souls perished. Another storm stuck in 1625, dividing the island of Strand in two. 


But man persists.

See Historic Storms of the North Seas.

Read also the German Wiki account of the Buchardiflut.